Calcium and its features! Why do we need calcium?

A very important trace element in our body. Calcium is the record holder for the amount contained in the human body. Thus, a middle-aged adult weighing about 70 kg contains about one and a half kilograms of calcium.

Cal­ci­um takes part in many vital process­es, in addi­tion to the for­ma­tion of bones and teeth, includ­ing the for­ma­tion and con­duc­tion of nerve impuls­es, help­ing all the mus­cles of the body to con­tract prop­er­ly. And even slight fluc­tu­a­tions in the lev­el of cal­ci­um in the blood can lead to con­vul­sions or gross vio­la­tions of home­osta­sis (home­osta­sis is an inter­nal bal­anced state of the body).

Calcium in the body its functions

The bones con­tain a huge amount of cal­ci­um, approx­i­mate­ly 99% of its total mass. But despite this, cal­ci­um is present in absolute­ly all cells of the body. Cal­ci­um is nec­es­sary for each of our cells so much that with a crit­i­cal decrease in its lev­el (hypocal­ci­nosis), meta­bol­ic dis­tur­bances occur in the cell, and some­times its death.

Speaking about the functions of calcium, the following should be noted:

cal­ci­um — this is the basis of bone tis­sue, it makes the bones strong, pre­vents the occur­rence of frac­tures and cracks;

cal­ci­um trig­gers mus­cle move­ment (direct­ly takes part in the trans­mis­sion of an impulse from a nerve cell to a mus­cle), this applies not only to skele­tal mus­cle fibers, but also to the myocardi­um — the heart mus­cle, as well as the intestines, stom­ach, blood ves­sels — because they are all sur­round­ed by smooth mus­cle cells (in fact, these are the same mus­cles );

cal­ci­um, locat­ed direct­ly in the mus­cle fiber, asso­ci­at­ed with the pro­tein myo­glo­bin and trig­gers the con­trac­tion mech­a­nism, which means that any move­ment is asso­ci­at­ed with cal­ci­um;

cal­ci­um and oth­er trace ele­ments — sodi­um, potas­si­um, chlo­rine — reg­u­late the per­me­abil­i­ty of cell mem­branes, and mem­o­rize con­trols what enters the cell and what leaves it;

impos­si­ble with­out cal­ci­um full func­tion­ing of the blood coag­u­la­tion sys­tem. So, cal­ci­um ions acti­vate the process of con­vert­ing the sol­u­ble form of fib­rino­gen into insol­u­ble fib­rin fibers. The lat­ter secure­ly “close” the dam­aged ves­sel, pre­vent­ing blood from flow­ing out;

cal­ci­um reg­u­lates heart rate. With­out it, and also when its amount exceeds the norm (with hypo- or hyper­cal­cemia), arrhyth­mias, extrasys­toles, and even stop effec­tive blood cir­cu­la­tion may occur;

cal­ci­um in the form of hydrox­ya­p­atite is present in the den­tal tis­sue. It gives teeth their char­ac­ter­is­tic prop­er­ties, pri­mar­i­ly hard­ness. Cal­ci­um defi­cien­cy can lead to loos­en­ing and loss of teeth.;

How calcium deficiency manifests itself

Cal­ci­um is so impor­tant that there are two spe­cial hor­mones in the human body that are respon­si­ble for it. These are parathy­roid hor­mone and cal­ci­tonin, which are pro­duced in small parathy­roid glands, and if there is a lack of cal­ci­um in the blood, they wash it out of the bones (the main cal­ci­um depot) and vice ver­sa, when the cal­ci­um lev­el is too high, they dri­ve it into the bone tis­sue.

The most common symptoms of calcium deficiency are:

Decreased bone den­si­ty (osteo­poro­sis) — This is one of the most dan­ger­ous symp­toms of cal­ci­um defi­cien­cy, as it can lead to seri­ous and fre­quent frac­tures. Bone den­si­ty decreas­es because the body uses cal­ci­um for oth­er vital func­tions by tak­ing it from the bone.

mus­cle cramps - Mus­cle cramps are a warn­ing sign of cal­ci­um defi­cien­cy and usu­al­ly affect the calf mus­cles of the thigh. This is because cal­ci­um helps reg­u­late mus­cle con­trac­tions.

bruis­es — Cal­ci­um is involved in blood clot­ting when a blood ves­sel bursts. With cal­ci­um defi­cien­cy, bruis­ing is more pro­nounced after minor injuries or bruis­es because small cap­il­lar­ies bleed under the skin.

Painful cramps dur­ing men­stru­a­tion — With­out cal­ci­um, blood can­not clot prop­er­ly, caus­ing cramp­ing and bleed­ing dur­ing men­stru­a­tion.

Mem­o­ry loss — This is one of the most seri­ous signs of cal­ci­um defi­cien­cy. Cal­ci­um ions play an impor­tant role in the process of send­ing nerve sig­nals. When the body lacks cal­ci­um, nerve stim­u­la­tion meets a resis­tance mech­a­nism in the human body.

Toothache - Bone den­si­ty decreas­es when the body needs cal­ci­um and takes it from the bones and teeth. This leads to weak­en­ing of the teeth, which are more like­ly to crum­ble or be affect­ed by caries.

frag­ile nails - Nails often become brit­tle as soon as cal­ci­um defi­cien­cy occurs.

Numb­ness - This symp­tom occurs due to low cal­ci­um lev­els in the blood and a mal­func­tion­ing ner­vous sys­tem. Most often this hap­pens in severe cas­es.

exhaus­tion — A gen­er­al feel­ing of tired­ness and lethar­gy may indi­cate a cal­ci­um defi­cien­cy. With­out cal­ci­um, the brain can­not func­tion prop­er­ly.

How to take Calcium.

With any lifestyle and diet, cours­es of cal­ci­um sup­ple­men­ta­tion will be use­ful for the pre­ven­tion and treat­ment of cal­ci­um defi­cien­cy in the body. The undoubt­ed advan­tage of this form is that cal­ci­um is eas­i­ly and ade­quate­ly absorbed.

Additional composition

Vit­a­min D3. You can often see a com­bi­na­tion of cal­ci­um and vit­a­min D3. The fact is that these are mutu­al­ly poten­ti­at­ing (enhanc­ing the action of each oth­er) sub­stances. In addi­tion, vit­a­min D3 is not absorbed in the intestines with­out cal­ci­um.

daily intake of calcium

The norm of cal­ci­um intake for a per­son is 800‑1200 mg per day. At the same time, the dose is clos­er to the upper one — for ado­les­cents and young peo­ple under 25 years old. That is, dur­ing the peri­od of active growth and for­ma­tion of bones, it is nec­es­sary to con­sume more cal­ci­um with food. Every­one else needs 800‑1000 mg of cal­ci­um per day to pre­vent dis­eases asso­ci­at­ed with its defi­cien­cy.

If you con­sume 2–3 glass­es of milk per day, and also eat enough cal­ci­um-con­tain­ing foods, you can stop at a dosage of 400–600 mg per day.

Cal­ci­um is rec­om­mend­ed to be con­sumed in the evening, along with din­ner. Since the max­i­mum lev­el of cal­ci­um intake by the body falls at night. It is impor­tant to remem­ber that with a lack of cal­ci­um, it is washed out of the bone tis­sue, which even­tu­al­ly leads to its dis­eases.

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